Abstract

The development of effective therapeutic medicines is significantly aided by medicinal plants. Diverse phytoconstituents, including flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, and terpenoids, have been identified in P. daemia. These secondary metabolites are utilized to treat several chronic disorders like cancer, arthritis, diabetes, etc., and are also used as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antibacterial. These phytoconstituents have become essential in the recent manufacture of natural medicinal products because of their extensive in-vivo and in-vitro pharmacological actions. The alcoholic extracts of P. daemia have been reported to have anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory effects. The methanolic and aqueous extracts were found to be effective in reducing paw edema and inflammation in the hind paws of rats. In addition, the ethyl acetate extract was found to have a notable (P 0.05) hepatoprotective activity 0pposed to the CCl4- induced hepatic rat model. The biochemical indicators of SGOT and SGPT were significantly inhibited by the ethanol extract and its steroidal fraction at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w. These findings suggest that the alcoholic and n-butanol extracts have excellent anti-ulcer action in a dose-dependent manner. Reviewing the pharmacological and phytochemical characteristics of the plant P. daemia is the main focus of this paper.