Abstract

This randomized clinical trial aimed to compare the effects of a low-fat diet with a precision nutrition-based diet on weight loss, glycemic variability, and HbA1c levels. Overweight or obese individuals, with or without type 2 diabetes, were randomly assigned to either a low-fat diet group or a precision nutrition-based diet group. Both groups received personalized dietary counseling and support. The primary outcomes measured were weight loss, glycemic variability (measured using continuous glucose monitoring), and HbA1c levels. Secondary outcomes included changes in body composition, lipid profile, and quality of life. The results indicated that both groups achieved significant weight loss, with slightly greater weight loss observed in the precision nutrition-based diet group. Glycemic variability was significantly reduced in the precision nutrition-based diet group, and HbA1c levels also showed significant improvement compared to the low-fat diet group. These findings suggest that precision nutrition-based diets may have advantages in promoting better blood glucose control. Both groups showed improvements in body composition, lipid profile, and quality of life, with no significant differences between them. These results highlight the potential benefits of personalized dietary approaches in weight management and diabetes prevention or management. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects and sustainability of precision nutrition-based interventions.