Abstract

Hydrocephalus is a condition in which an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) occurs within the brain. This generally causes increased pressure inside the cranium. Aged people may have headaches, double vision, poor balance, urinary incontinence, personality changes, or internal impairment. In babies, it may be seen as a rapid-fire increase in head size. Other symptoms may include vomiting, somnolence, seizures, and downcast pointing of the eyes. Hydrocephalus can do due to birth blights or be acquired latterly in life. Associated birth blights include neural tube blights and those that affect in aqueductal stenosis. Other causes include meningitis, brain excrescences, traumatic brain injury, intraventricular hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. The four types of hydrocephalus are communicating, non-communicating, ex vacuo, and normal pressure. Opinion is generally made by physical examination and medical imaging.