Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuroimmunology
Open Access

Seizure is rupture of uncontrolled electrical activity between brain cells (neurons or nerve cells) that causes temporary abnormalities in muscle tone or movements (stiffness, twitching, or limpness), behaviors, sensations, or states of awareness. Seizures are not all alike. Seizure can be single event due to an acute cause, like medication. When individual has recurring seizures, this is called epilepsy. Almost all seizure disorders can be managed with medication, but management of seizures can still have a notable impact on our daily life. The good news is that you can work with your doctor to stability seizure manage and medication side effects.

Seizures indications vary, include random change in awareness or full loss of consciousness, odd sensations or thoughts, involuntary twitching or stiffness in body or acute stiffening and limb shaking with loss of consciousness. There are 2 major classes or groups of seizures. Focal onset, generalized onset. Focal onset seizures begin in one area and spread across brain, cause mild or severe indications, depending on how electrical discharges spread. Generalized seizures begin as focal seizures that spread to both sides of brain. They can occur as generalized onset seizures in which seizure activity begins simultaneously over both sides of brain. Generalized onset seizures normally begin during childhood and are same to thermostat surge or light flash abnormal regulation between parts of brain causes seizures. Seizures of all kinds are commonly treated with medication, and, if they are difficult to control, with diet therapy, nerve stimulation or surgery.

For generalized onset seizures

Motor indications include sustained rhythmical jerking movements, muscles becoming weak or limp, muscles becoming tense or rigid, brief muscle twitching, or epileptic spasms. Non motor indications are normally called as absence seizures. These can be typical or atypical absence seizures. Absence seizures also have brief twitches that can affect specific part of body or just eyelids.

For focal onset seizures

Motor indications also include jerking, muscles becoming limp or weak, tense or rigid muscles, brief muscle twitching, or epileptic spasms. There also automatisms or redo automatic movements, clapping or rubbing of hands, lipsmacking or chewing, or running. Non motor indications, samples of indications that don’t affect movement could be changes in sensation, emotions, thinking or cognition, autonomic functions (gastrointestinal sensations, waves of heat or cold, goosebumps, heart racing.), or lack of movement (behavior arrest).

For unknown onset seizures

Motor seizures are expressed as either tonic clonic or epileptic spasms. Non motor seizures usually include a behavior arrest. This means, movement stops person may just stare and not make any other movements.

It is significant for doctor to get an accurate seizure diagnosis in order to implement appropriate kind of treatment. Focal, generalized onset seizures usually have different causes and accurately diagnosing seizure types often helps identify cause for seizures. Whether or not doctor can determine cause for an individual’s seizures, treatment will likely mean medication. Seizures that are difficult to control may improved with nerve stimulation or diet treatment. Patients whose seizures are due to a focal scar or other lesions in brain may good candidates for epilepsy surgery.