Epidemiology: Open Access
Open Access

A brain tumour is a mass or development of abnormal cells in the brain.

There are many different types of brain tumours. Many tumours were benign (noncancerous), while some are malignant cancerous (malignant). Brain cancers can start in the brain (primary brain tumours), or they can begin anywhere in the body and move to the brain (metastatic brain tumours).

The rate at which a brain tumour develops varies substantially. The pace of growth of a brain tumour, as well as its location, defines how it will affect the function of your neurological system.

The type of brain tumour you have, as well as its size and location, influence your treatment choices.

Symptoms

The signs and symptoms of a brain tumour vary greatly depending on the tumor's size, location, and rate of progression.

• Headaches that are new to you or that have changed their pattern

• Headaches that become more regular and severe with duration

• Experiencing unexplained nausea or vomiting

• Vision problems include blurry vision, double vision, and loss of peripheral vision.

• Issues with equilibrium

• Problems with speech

• Confusion in ordinary situations

• Making judgments is proving to be difficult.

• Inability to obey simple instructions

• Changes in personality or conduct

• Seizures may be frightening, especially for someone who has never had one before.

• Hearing issues

• Normal cells generate alterations (mutations) in their DNA, which leads to primary brain tumours. The alterations instruct the cells to proliferate and expand fast, even when healthy cells would perish.

• Adults are significantly less likely to get primary brain tumours than secondary brain tumours, which are diseases that begin elsewhere and move to the brain.

• Primary brain tumours can have many different forms and sizes. Each one is given a name based on the type of cells involved. Here are several examples:

• Gliomas- Cancers of the brain and spinal cord include astrocytomas, ependymomas, glioblastomas, oligoastrocytomas, and oligodendrogliomas.

• Meningiomas- A meningioma is a kind of tumour that develops in the membranes that surround your brain and spinal cord (meninges). The majority of meningiomas are benign.

• Acoustic neuromas- Also a kind of acoustic (schwannomas). These are benign tumours that grow on the nerves in the inner ear that control balance and hearing and go to the brain.

• Pituitary adenomas- The pituitary gland, which sits towards the base of the brain, is where these tumours develop. Pituitary tumours can cause a disruption in pituitary hormone production, which can have far-reaching implications throughout the body.

• Medulloblastomas- Children are the most prevalent victims of these malignant brain tumours, although they can strike anybody at any age. A medulloblastoma is a kind of brain tumour that begins in the bottom back of the brain and spreads through the spinal fluid.

• Germ cell tumors- Throughout childhood, germ cell tumours can form in the testicles or ovaries. Germ cell malignancies, on the other hand, can spread to other parts of the body, including the brain.

• Craniopharyngiomas- These tumours begin near the pituitary gland in the brain, which secretes hormones that regulate a variety of physiological processes. When a craniopharyngioma grows, it can harm the pituitary gland and other tissues around the brain.