Journal of Earth Science & Climatic Change
Open Access

Cognitive experimental psychology system; Neural Networks; Research database; Knowledge base; Engineering constructive suggestions

Introduction

In the report a Cognitive experimental psychology system for management of natural disasters, transport crashes and industrial accidents is developed. Numerical and experimental examples are elaborated by MatLab and SAP 2000 software systems for the topic 20 from (Table 1) of the research.

Gas-phase reactions: Gas-phase reactions involve the chemical transformations of gaseous substances in the atmosphere. These reactions are responsible for the formation and depletion of various compounds. For example, the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), emitted by natural and anthropogenic sources, leads to the production of ozone and secondary organic aerosols, which influence both air quality and climate [1]. Additionally, reactions involving nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide contribute to the formation of acid rain and particulate matter, which can have detrimental effects on ecosystems and human health.

Aerosol formation: Aero Exploration. The methodology. The research methodology of the study is to create an appropriate neural network. By the position 14 of the Table 1 is shown example in short described by prof. Stanimir Karapetkov in his plenary report in International Conference Days of Mechanics, Varna 2022. By the position 16 of the Table 1 is shown example for INTERVENTION OF AN APPROPRIATE PSYCHOLOGIST Burgas crash 25.08.2023 Yordan Iliev and Atans Gradev tragedy [2]. Positios 14, 16 and 20 of the Table 1 are numerical examples of the study.

From the (Figure 1) and (Figure 2) it follows, that due to the demographic crisis in Bulgaria, the modern population of the country is about 7,000,000 people. They live in about 3,000,000 households. There are about 2,000,000 residential buildings in the country, at least 30% of which are vacant. At the beginning of the 21st century, the earthkuake prediction marked a development [3]. An alternative to these earthquake prediction studies are possibilities to creation of structures with actively controlled dynamic response and seismic isolation. The anti-seismic of its two million homes can most effectively be realized by actively control of the dynamic response of the buildings through the existing elevators. A schematic diagram of such control is shown in (Figure 3).

Figure 1: Police patrol automobile with pneumatic cover.

Figure 2: Population of Bulgaria.

Figure 3: Population, Households, Housing 4f Bulgaria.

Dynamic linear systems with constant structure: In the case of linear systems, the most important mathematical description – the frequency transfer function, is obtained as a quotient of the Fourier complex spectrum of the output signal to the Fourier complex spectrum of the input signal of the linear dynamic system under investigation. This frequency response function is invariant over time. In an earthquake, the initial conditions of the process are assumed to be zero [4]. The structure of the system is unchanged. The natural frequencies are the roots of the polynomial in the denominator of the frequency transfer function. If the system has viscous type damping, the roots of the polynomial in the numerator of the frequency transfer function are the corresponding damping coefficients.

Dynamic non-linear systems with variable structure: For nonlinear systems, the mathematical description is more complicated. The dynamic system has a variable structure and it is not possible to introduce the concept of frequency response to relate the complex Fourier spectra of the input and output signal. These complex Fourier spectra are related by a function that is non-linear and time-varying. This property of non-linear systems can be used to create structures that, in an earthquake, dampen the dangerous oscillations that would destroy the structure [5]. For this purpose, special building structures are created that automatically change their frequency properties at the first second of an earthquake. Special devices are provided that turn off or on the contrary turns on additional structural connections, depending on the frequency properties of the input signal. If the impact is low-frequency, additional connections are included, which immediately stiffen the structure several times. It immediately exits the low frequency region of the input signal and system oscillations are almost zero. On the contrary. If the impact is high-frequency, available connections are turned off, which immediately softens the structure several times. It immediately exits the high frequency region of the input signal and system oscillations are almost zero. This process can be realized several times automatically until the earthquake finally stops. During all this time, the structure barely moves and exhibits highly non-linear characteristics. The structure of the dynamical system is highly variable [6].

These systems do not use external sources of energy to isolate the earthquake. Their cost is not high, they are easy to design and implement. A certain difficulty is the preliminary study of the expected earthquake signals in the area. The setup of such passive systems with a variable joint structure requires high qualification in the design and is science-intensive [7].

Systems with automatically controlled dynamic response: In the most vulnerable buildings in an earthquake (facilities from 3 to 16 floors), in which there are elevator facilities, with not much effort and funds, actively automatic controlled systems can be implemented. They use external sources of energy - for example, electricity and/or diesel generators. In the existing elevator shafts, for example, on the top floor, special inertial devices are installed. With special sensors, the parameters of an earthquake impact that has just begun are measured in real time [8]. The computer of the elevator equipment calculates the necessary control effect. It is realized through special inertial devices installed on the last floor - working bodies that create exactly the same inertial forces as the earthquake impact just measured, but with the opposite sign. The Rainforced Concrete Elevator Shafts – 1 and 2 [9]. In the same figure is shown the Inertial Actuator Equipment, mounted in the top of the reinforced concrete elevator shafts – 1 and 2. In this way, the construction facility remains at rest during random earthquakes of arbitrary magnitude, frequency spectrum and duration. A known disadvantage of these automatic control systems is the need for external energy - for example, electricity and/or diesel generators. If during an earthquake the electricity supply stops, it is necessary to provide an autonomous electrical supply - for example, from backup lithium-ion batteries in the ground floor of the building and/or diesel generators. These systems protect facilities in the event of a random earthquake [10]. The value of this innovative solution is approximately the same as the value of the existing elevator in the building.

Conclusions

The usage of the neural networks greatly reduces the risk of natural disasters, transport crashes and industrial accidents. This can be seen very clearly if the systems with actively control the dynamic response of structures are used in practice. If such systems are used in the elevator shafts of buildings structures, during an arbitrary in strength and duration earthquake, the structures remain in dynamic equilibrium and do not move. The earthquake is not felt. There will be no destruction, damage and SACRIFICE of people and animals. This is ensured by the application of an automatic dynamic response control system driven by electrical energy. Lithium-ion batteries and diesel generators are used in case the country's electric power supply fails.

The aid and the military operation in Turkey and Syria from February 6, 2023 are briefly presented in topic 20 Table 1 of the study. This operatio led by the former Vice Prime Minister Ivan Demerdzhiev.

The author's theam proposes to develop an anti-seismic program for neglecting the seismic risk in Bulgarian towns Sofia and Plovdiv. These are the two most earthquake-prone cities in Bulgaria. The implementation of such a program could lead to the merger of the two cities. Thus, a new capital of Bulgaria, Sofia – Plovdiv (Ulpia Serdica - Philippoulis), can be created. The earthquake hazard may change the political map of Bulgaria.

Acknowledgments

The authors of the report express their gratitude to the Bulgarian and foreign companies: СТРЕЗА ЕООД, ЗК ЛевИнс Младост 4, ПЕНТАХРОН ЕООД, GPS Control SA, Алтерко Роботикс ЕООД, Kondov & Kliqi Design Team – Italy, YARD Law Co., „Kalajdviev, Georgiev & Michev”, “Demerdzhiev, Petrov, Baev” Law Co., Ministry of Interior Affairs for the moral and financial support of this research. Special acknowledgment for the media support by press group 24 hours and newspaper Maritca Plovdiv.

1. Dodd Matthew S, Papineau Dominic, Grenne Tor, Slack John F, Rittner Martin, et al. (2017) Evidence for early life in Earth's oldest hydrothermal vent precipitates. Nature 343: 60-64.

Indexed at, Google Scholar, Crossref

2. Kite-Powell HL (2009) A Global Perspective on the Economics of Ocean Acidification. The Journal of Marine Education 25.

Google Scholar, Crossref

3. Riebesell U, Tortell PD (2011) Ocean Acidification, Chapter 6: Effects of Ocean Acidification on Pelagic Organisms and Ecosystems. Oxford University Press 99-120.

Indexed at, Google Scholar, Crossref

4. Hilmi N, Safa A, Reynaud S, Allemand D (2018) Coral Based Tourism in Egypts’ Red Sea,Coral Reefs: Tourism. Conserv Soc 31-41.

Indexed at, Google Scholar, Crossref

5. Jiang Li-Qing, Carter Brendan R, Feely Richard A, Lauvset Siv K, Olsen Are, et al. (2019) Surface ocean pH and buffer capacity: past, present and future. Scientific Reports 9: 18624.

Indexed at, Google Scholar, Crossref

6. Rostoker G, TD Phan (1986) Varriation of Aurroralelectrojet spatial location as a function of the level of magnetospheric activity.

Indexed at, Crossref

7. Munday PL, Dixon DL, McCormick MI, Meekan M, Ferrari MCO, et al. (2010) Replenishment of fish populations is threatened by ocean acidification. PNAS 107.

Indexed at, Google Scholar, Crossref

8. Meena Nair, Peter KV (1990) Organic, inorganic fertilizers and their combinations on yield and storage life of hot chilli. Vegetable Science 17: 7-11.

Indexed at, Google Scholar

9. Lutfi P, Metin T, Fikkartin S (2007) Floral and foliar application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to apples. J Sustain Agric 30: 119-121.

Indexed at, Google Scholar, Crossref

10. Manyanhaire D, Offat I, Kamuzungu T (2009) Access to safe drinking water by rural communities in Zimbabwe: A case of Mudenda village in Mutasa district of Manicaland. J sustain dev Afr 133-150.

Indexed at, Google Scholar, Crossref