Journal of Bioremediation & Biodegradation
Open Access

Biosorption Arsenic; Chemical adsorbents; Biorefinery; United Nations sustainable development Goals (Un-Sdgs); Covid-19

Introduction

The phytotechnologies, biosorption, natural/engineered biochar, clay, and chitosan are all thoroughly addressed under natural biosorbents. This comprehensive review found that biosorption and phytoremediation can be favoured. For the rehabilitation of chemical pollutants, as "sustainable Bioresources Eco technologies." The link between adsorbents and the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations is established. As opposed to conventional chemical adsorbents, environmentally acceptable and economically viable biosorbents prefer to adhere to the sustainability paradigm. In conclusion, the co-benefits of biosorbents, such as "Biorefinery," "Water- Energy-Food Nexus," and "bio circular economy," can supplement sustainability indicators and aid in achieving the SDGs. After the industrial revolution, there was a noticeable increase in the amounts of dangerous substances. Chemical pollution has a negative impact on the abiotic environment (air, water, and soil), the cognitive and reproductive health of biota, agriculture systems, food security, and environmental sustainability, all of which have an impact on "planetary public health." There may be health concerns from gelogenic chemicals and 140,000 manmade compounds. In this way, the various environmental matrices included information on roughly 350,000 chemical pollutants. Pollutants that are inorganic, organic, and emerging disrupt the quality of the environment and the safety of the food supply. Around 400 million tonnes of chemical pollutants were produced worldwide by the industrial, transportation, and biomedical sectors, which had an adverse impact on illness and death rates for people [1]. Surprisingly, the World Health Organization predicted that 9–10 deaths per year were caused by chemical contamination. Compared to 2 million deaths during the SARS-CoV-2 or CoVid-19 outbreak [2].

Discussion

Therefore, it is anticipated that the number of deaths brought on by Covid19 infection will be outnumbered by those brought on by harmful chemical contamination [3]. In this regard, Bangladesh, sections of India, and European nations all have major health concerns related to the As poisoning of soil and groundwater. Similar to this, there is a tendency for the pollution of agricultural systems with heavy metals, arsenic, antibiotics, and organics to spread to the "soil-food crops subsystem [4]. Due to the dumping of plastic items during COVID19,the adsorption of dangerous substances on microplastics and Nano plastics may dramatically increase [5]. Notably, dangerous substances may also bind to the surfaces of MPs and NPs, commonly known as "plastispheres," which function as unique plastic-microbe environment managed by humans [6]. Following leaching or desorption, the chemicals that were adsorbed on the plastispheres have a negative effect on the environment, biota, and people's health [7]. So, through sorption and desorption processes, MPs and NPs might possibly operate as vectors of environmental pollutants [8]. Therefore, the accompanying planetary hazards from chemical contamination cannot be disregarded, even in the post-Covid19 period [9]. The overall progress toward achieving sustainable development objectives like SDG and SDG 7 has been hampered by the pollution of several environmental matrices [10]. However, there is still a lack of information on the extent of chemical pollution in the biosphere, related dangers to human health, and longterm cleanup strategies.

Conclusion

Despite quantitative variations in chemical pollution being exposed by global, national, and regional inventories, planetary dangers remain. Despite improvements in cleaning up chemical pollutants, the Developing sustainable remediation methods are still ongoing in order to preserve sustainability and give human welfare first priority. In this regard, there are information gaps in adsorption research, particularly in light of their impact on environmental sustainability and UNSDGs. In this regard, it is necessary to prioritise and compare heavy metal biosorption and phytoremediation. Ion exchange, physisorption, chemisorption, and microprecipitation are all components of the biosorption process used in chemical pollution remediation, and its processes and selectivity need to be clarified. The biotechnological approach of biosorption, biochar, biopolymers, and phytoremediation has to be integrally linked with achieving environmental sustainability and UN SDGs in order to be a cost-effective and environmentally benign method of pollution remediation. For quick pollution treatment, the search for effective chemical and biological adsorbents is intensifying.

Acknowledgement

None

Conflict of Interest

None

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