Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuroimmunology
Open Access

Our Cranial nerves, set of nerves that connect your brain to different parts of your head, neck, and trunk. In there 12 of them, each named for their function or shape. Every nerve has a corresponding Roman numeral betwixt I and XII. This is based off their location from front to back. For example, your olfactory nerve closest to the front of your head, so it’s appointed as I.

Their functions are normally classified as being either sensory or motor. Sensory nerves elaboraed with your senses, such as smell, hearing, and touch. Motor nerves control motion and function of muscles or glands. Continue study to learn more about each of the 12 cranial nerves to how they function.

Twelve set of cranial nerves come out from the underside of the brain, pass along openings in the skull, and lead to parts of head, neck, and trunk. Nerves are named and numbered, based on their position, from front of the brain to the back. Thus, the olfactory nerve is 1st cranial nerve, and the hypoglossal nerve is the 12th cranial nerve.

Unlike spinal nerves whose roots are neural fibers from the spinal grey matter, cranial nerves are collected of the neural processes associated with different brainstem nuclei and cortical structures. Cranial nerve dysfunctions may be outcome of pathological processes of cranial nerve itself or be linked to tumors, inflammation, infectious processes, or traumatic injuries of adjacent shapes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is reviewed the gold standard in the study of the cranial nerves.

The cranial nerves give rise to a number of ganglia, collections of the cell bodies of neurons in the nerves that are outside of the brain.These ganglia are both parasympathetic and sensory ganglia. Sensory ganglia exist for nerves with sensory function.

Symptoms

Indicationss of cranial nerve disorders depends on which nerves are damaged and how they damaged. Cranial nerve disorders affect smell, taste, sight, sensation in the face, facial expression, hearing, balance, speech, swallowing, and muscles of the neck.

For example, vision may be overworked in various ways: If one of 2nd cranial nerves (optic nerve) is damaged, vision in the affected eye may be. moderately or totally lost.

If any of the three cranial nerves that control eye movement (3rd, 4th, or 6th cranial nerve) is damaged, people cannot move their eyes normally. Symptoms include double sight when looking in definite directions.

If the 3rd cranial nerve (oculomotor nerve) is immobilized, people cannot raise their upper eyelid. It droops down over the eye and interferes with sight.

If 8th cranial nerve (auditory or vestibulocochlear nerve) is damaged or go wrong, people may have troubles hearing and/or have vertigo feeling that they, their environment, or both are spinning. Cranial nerve disorders can also cause various types of facial or head ache.