World Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology
Open Access

The kidney is the organ most inclined to nephrotoxic tablets such as gentamicin. Nephrotoxicity is a speedy deterioration of kidney feature due to more than a few factors. Gentamicin reasons nephrotoxicity, which used to be manifested by means of an expand in serum kidney biomarkers. Asparagus africanus is one of the ethnomedicinal flowers used as typical medicinal drug for treating a variety of ailments, which include kidney disorder in Ethiopian society. Thus, the purpose of this learn about is to consider the nephroprotective impact of A. africanus root extract on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Using maceration techniques, 100 g of dried plant powder was once extracted in 1 L of ethanol. The physicochemical screening of plant extracts printed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, and steroids. The nephroprotective endeavor of A. africanus crude extract used to be evaluated on male Swiss albino mice. The crude ethanolic extract at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses confirmed sturdy nephroprotective consequences by using restoring biomarkers such as creatinine, uric acid, and blood urea nitrogen, which have been broken via gentamicin in a dose-dependent manner. The mice handled with greater doses (400 mg/kg) had a similar nephroprotective impact in contrast to the nice manipulate crew (200 mg/kg silymarin). The histopathology of the manage crew confirmed everyday glomeruli, ordinary parenchyma, distal convoluted, and no tubular damage. The toxicant-induced team confirmed injury to glomeruli and inflammatory infiltration. Therefore, A. africanus root extract has a nephroprotective undertaking through retarding the gentamicin toxicity in male Swiss albino mice.

Acute kidney harm is a syndrome characterised by means of the fast loss of the kidney excretory function. Acute renal failure refers to the unexpected and normally reversible loss of renal function, which develops over a length of days or weeks. Among the motives of acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis, which takes place due to ischemia or nephrotoxins such as gentamicin (aminoglycoside), is most common, accounting for 85% of the incidences. Nephrotoxicity has been suggested in 1.7% to 58% of sufferers receiving aminoglycoside therapy. Gentamicin is a positive antibiotic that has been used international for many years. While regarded a critical remedy through the WHO, gentamicin can additionally lead to extreme kidney damage. The encouraged routes of administration of gentamicin are intravenous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, or topical as it is now not sufficiently absorbed by means of the intestinal tract. However, the viable medical use of gentamicin is restricted due to gentamicin-induced toxicity.

Chemicals for extraction of phytochemical components such as petroleum ether (98%) and ethanol (99%) had been used from LOBACHEMIE Ltd (India). Chemicals such as ketamine (100 mg/kg) and xylazine (12.5 mg/kg) had been used for anesthesia. Gentamycin and silymarin (from Jimma University pharmaceutical laboratory) used for poor and advantageous controls at some stage in the nephroprotective study, respectively. All the chemical substances and reagents used in this find out about had been analytical grade.

The root of A. Africanus was once accrued in August 2019 from southwestern Ethiopia, Bench-Maji Zone, Maji woreda, which is 568 km away from Addis Ababa. Identification of the plant species used to be made via the botanist, and a voucher specimen WM-01 was once given and deposited at the Addis Ababa University Herbarium for further reference. The gathered root of A. Africanus used to be washed, sliced, air-dried, and floor the usage of an electrical grinder to enhance subsequent extraction and penetration of the solvent into the cell.

The powdered plant cloth (100 g) was once defeated with petroleum ether (0.5 L) for 24 h at room temperature to cast off the fatty substance existing in the pattern with the aid of the use of a maceration technique. The solvent was once filtered and then extracted with ethanol (1 L) for 24 h. The solvent extracts had been filtered and targeted the usage of a rotary evaporator (Laborota-4000) at a temperature of 40°C with a pace of 90 rpm to have a stable consistency and dried by way of a freeze dryer (lyophilizer). Finally, residue extract used to be packed in air-tight glass bottles with applicable labels and stored in a fridge at 4°C till used for the experiment.

The nephroprotective impact of A. africanus towards gentamicininduced nephrotoxicity was once assessed in this investigation the usage of a post test-only manage crew design. In this study, two separate doses of A. africanus root extract had been evaluated based totally on the acute oral toxicity of the plant extract in the formerly mentioned literature. The said acute oral toxicity of A. africanus extract used to be protected up to 2,000 mg/kg. The first dose used to be 200 mg/kg, which is 10% of the said acute oral toxicity limit. The 2d dose used to be primarily based on OECD guidelines, which require a steady scaleup of two, three, or 4 instances the preliminary dose. Thus, 400 mg/kg was once utilized as the 2d dose by means of twofold scaling up of the preliminary dose.

The team I mice had been fed a regular basal weight loss plan and obtained 1 mL/kg of distilled water orally for a duration of 15 days. Group II mice have been dealt with 100 mg/kg of gentamicin injection orally for a length of 15 days, whereas crew III mice had been dealt with silymarin 200 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of gentamicin physique mass for a length of 15 days, which used to be, used for evaluation with the therapy groups. The root of A. africanus ethanolic extract at a dose of 400 mg/ kg has similar nephroprotective undertaking to the effective manage silymarin, which is similarly established by using histopathological examination of the kidney and its serum biomarkers. In general, mice handled with A. africanus ethanolic extract possess attainable defensive undertaking in opposition to gentamycin-induced nephrotoxicity. It is due to the secondary metabolite current in the plant extract. However, similarly investigations are required into antioxidant enzymes or markers of lipid peroxidation in renal tissues or serum with more than a few solvent extracts of plants.

I would like to acknowledge Mettu University for giving me an opportunity to do research.

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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