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Genomic records; Archival theory; Data management; Provenance; Original order

Introduction

The Human Genome Project (HGP) stands as one of the greatest scientific achievements of our time [1]. This groundbreaking endeavor, completed in 2003, successfully mapped and sequenced the entire human genome, unraveling the complex genetic blueprint of our species. The wealth of information generated by the project holds immense value not only for current researchers but also for future generations. To ensure the preservation and accessibility of this invaluable knowledge, it is crucial to apply archival theory to the management of genomic records. By adopting archival principles and practices, we can safeguard the legacy of the Human Genome Project and empower future scientific breakthroughs [2].

The Human Genome Project has revolutionized our understanding of genetics and laid the foundation for advancements in personalized medicine, disease research, and biotechnology. Genomic records hold a wealth of information that can shed light on human evolution, disease susceptibility, and individual genetic variations. Preserving these records is vital for future researchers, enabling them to build upon the knowledge and insights gained from the HGP.Archival theory provides a framework for the systematic organization, preservation, and access to records of enduring value [3]. While traditionally applied to paperbased documents, archival theory can be extended to encompass digital and genomic records. Core archival principles, such as provenance, original order, and authenticity, can guide the management of genomic data and ensure its integrity and reliability for future use [4].

Discussion

Applying archival theory to genomic records requires careful consideration of several key aspects. Firstly, establishing clear provenance is essential, documenting the origin, context, and custodial history of the genetic material [5]. Detailed metadata, including sample collection methods, DNA extraction protocols, and associated ethical considerations, must accompany the genomic data to provide a comprehensive understanding of the records.Genomic data is highly complex and subject to various forms of degradation and loss [6]. To ensure data integrity and authenticity, it is crucial to implement robust storage and backup systems, as well as adherence to standardized data formats and metadata schemas. Regular data validation and checksum processes can help identify and rectify any potential errors or corruption, safeguarding the accuracy of the records. Preserving genomic records for future generations is not solely about storage and protection. It is equally important to consider accessibility and ethical implications. Open access policies, while promoting scientific progress, must balance the need for privacy and protection of sensitive genetic information [7].

Implementation of appropriate data governance frameworks and consent management strategies can strike a balance between accessibility and individual privacy rights [8]. Preserving and managing the genomic records of the Human Genome Project is a collaborative endeavor that necessitates an interdisciplinary approach. Archivists, geneticists, bioinformaticians, and policymakers must work together to develop comprehensive strategies for long-term preservation, data sharing, and ethical guidelines. International collaborations and initiatives, such as the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health, can facilitate the exchange of best practices and ensure global standards in managing genomic records. It has been partially successful in this aim, having managed to secure collections from people who are not ‘big names’, but who made an important contribution to the HGP [9]. However, the attempt to redress the gender imbalance in scientific collections and to improve record-keeping in scientific organisations has continued to be difficult to achieve [10].

Conclusion

As we stand on the threshold of an era defined by rapid advancements in genomics, it is crucial to recognize the significance of preserving and managing the genomic records of the Human Genome Project. Applying archival theory to these invaluable resources ensures their accessibility, integrity, and longevity for future generations. By leveraging archival principles and collaborating across disciplines, we can safeguard the genomic legacy and empower future scientific breakthroughs, paving the way for a deeper understanding of the genetic underpinnings of life itself.

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