Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology
Open Access

In architecture and building engineering, a floor plan is a drawing to scale that illustrates the relationships between rooms, spaces, traffic patterns, and other physical aspects at one level of a structure from above.

Dimensions are usually drawn between the walls to illustrate room sizes and wall lengths. Details of amenities such as sinks, water heaters, and furnaces may also be included in floor layouts. Building notes, such as finishes, construction processes, or symbols for electrical components, may be included in floor drawings. It's also known as a plan, which is a measured plane projected at a height of 4 feet above the ground, as opposed to an elevation plane projected from the side of a building along its height, or a section or cross section, which is a measured plane projected from the side of a building along its height, which is a section or cross section where a building is cut along an axis to reveal the interior structure.

The perspective is downward from above, similar to a map, however unlike a traditional map; a plan is created at a certain vertical location (commonly at about four feet above the floor). Things below this level are visible, objects above this vertical position within the structure are omitted or displayed dashed, and objects above this vertical position inside the structure are depicted 'cut' in plan-section. A vertical orthographic projection of an item on a horizontal plane, such as a map, is known as a plan view or plan form.

A floor plan isn't the same thing as a top view or a bird's eye view. It is a scaled depiction depicting the arrangement of a floor of a structure. An orthogonally projected plane cut at the normal four foot height above the floor level is not visible in a top view or bird's eye perspective. The following is an example of what a floor plan may show:

• Corridors and interior walls

• Restrooms

• Doors and windows

• Stoves, refrigerators, water heaters, and other items

• Fireplaces, saunas, and whirlpools are among the indoor attractions.

• The use of all rooms

A plan view is a three-dimensional object that is projected orthographically from the location of a horizontal plane through it. In other terms, a plan is a top-down perspective of a sector. The piece of the item above the plane (section) is removed in such views in order to highlight what is beyond. The roof and upper section of the walls are generally excluded from a floor layout. A floor plan is the traditional starting point for any subsequent design considerations and decisions whenever an interior design project is approached.

Roof plans are orthographic projections, not sections, because their viewing plane is located outside of the object. A plan is a twodimensional representation of a three-dimensional object's interior organization. It is historically crosshatched and is frequently used in technical drawings. The sort of material the segment travels through is indicated by the crosshatching style.

A virtual representation of a building's floor plan is referred to as a 3D floor plan. It's frequently used to help those who aren't familiar with floor layouts understand architectural blueprints. Despite the fact that the initial aim of floor plans was to show 3D layouts in a 2D format, technical advancements have made generating 3D models considerably more cost efficient. 3D designs provide more visual depth and are frequently complimented with 3D furniture in the room. When compared to typical 2D floor layouts, this gives for a better sense of scale.