ISSN: 2576-1463

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  • Letter To Editor   
  • Innov Ener Res, Vol 10(10)
  • DOI: 10.4172/2576-1463.1000250

Characteristics of Coal and Anthracite

Ahmed Kadhim Hussein*
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Babylon, Iraq
*Corresponding Author: Ahmed Kadhim Hussein, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Babylon, Iraq, Tel: 9645896436521, Email: Ahmedhussein@gmail.com

Received: 13-Oct-2021 / Accepted Date: 18-Oct-2021 / Published Date: 22-Oct-2021 DOI: 10.4172/2576-1463.1000250

Introduction

Coal is a rock made of nearly immaculate or pure carbon. The coal in different deposits have different compositions, thus, coal is classified in various categories Anthracite categorized as a dark black form of coal and the highest quality grade. It's very hard, has low moisture content and a carbon content of nearly 95. Moreover, anthracite is usually the oldest sort of coal, having shaped from biomass that was buried 350 million years back. The formation of anthracite not only takes a long time, but moreover requires exceptionally high temperatures. The temperatures essential for the development of anthracite coal are as it were conceivable on the borders of mountain belts. These regions are appropriate since the method of building a mountain pushes sheets of rock over the layers where coal is being formed. This comes about within the layers containing coal being pushed down to profundities of 8 to 10 km where the temperature can reach 300°C.

Characteristics

Anthracite contains a high quantity of fixed carbon 80 to 95 percent and exceptionally low sulfur and nitrogen lower than 1 percent each. Volatile matter is low at roughly 5 percent, with 10 to 20 percent ash possible. Moisture content is generally 5 to 15 percent. The coal is slowburning and troublesome to ignite because of its high density, so few pulverized, coal- fired plants burn it.

Heating Value

Anthracite burns the hottest among coal types (generally 900 degrees or higher). Waste coal disposed of in the midst of anthracite mining, called culm, contains generally to Btu per pound. It can be utilized for a assortment of purposes in all fields and industries. A few of the common uses of are as follows.

Heating Systems

As one of the foremost brittle kinds of coal, anthracite is the perfect resource to utilize for the generation of heat for an extended amount of time. As the coal is burnt, it produces a hot blue flame that can generate enough warm to power the heating systems of entire buildings, homes and offices. Considering even the smallest amount of this material will last longer than wood, it's considered to be economical and efficient.

Smelting

With high carbon content, it's perfect for use in steel making industries. It's always ready for use in its natural form and doesn't need to go through the process of coking as other types of coal have to go through. Its long lasting nature makes it idealize for smelting, fabrication, furnace companies, briquetting charcoal, and the generation of iron metal pellets and so much more within the metal industry.

Locomotives

It was also called ‘Hard Coal’ because of its tough nature. It was considered to be the perfect source of energy for trains by locomotive engineers. While not numerous trains are powered by coal anymore there are still some out there that still use this form of coal. It's especially important to use cleaner burning coal to reduce localised pollution levels.

Anthracite Water Filtration Systems

This material has a specific density and unique shape that's perfect for use in water filtration systems. When utilized with sand as a filter, anthracite water filtration is considered to be one of the foremost effective ways to clean industrial, processed, pool, waste and municipal water and restore it for the purposes of drinking and using. Utmost of this high grade coal, that's extracted, often has the lowest moisture, this implies that when utilized for water filtration, it has the capacity to divert water absorption and facilitate Nano-filtration. Additionally, their irregular shape ensures their efficacy as it doesn't pack down into the sand causing a free flow of water without any backwashing due to the pre-filtration layer formed. The sheer size is convenient for utilization in water filtration frameworks since they can be removed from the water system fair as effortlessly as they're put in.

Citation: Hussein AK (2021) Characteristics of Coal and Anthracite. Innov Ener Res, 10: 250. DOI: 10.4172/2576-1463.1000250

Copyright: © 2021 Hussein AK. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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