Rice Research: Open Access
Open Access

A Brown spot may be a plant malady that infects the coleoptile, leaves, leaf sheath, raceme branches, glumes, and spikelets. It is an attainable agroterrorism weapon [1]. It is most noticeable injury is that the varied huge spots on the leaves which may kill the complete leaf. Once infection happens within the seed, empty grains or noticed or stained seeds are shaped. Bipolaris oryzae is that the causal agency of rice brown spot malady and is to blame for vital economic losses. The flora attacks the crop from the seed plant in the nursery to exploit the stage in the main field. The malady seems initially as minute brown dots, later changing into cylindrical or oval to circular. Infection conjointly happens on a raceme, neck with the brown color look. Seeds conjointly infected. Dark brown or black spots conjointly seem on glumes. The infection of the seed causes failure of seed germination, seed plant mortality, and reduces the grain quality and weight.Cochliobolus miyabeanus grows well at lower temperatures throughout its biological process stages compared to the developed stage [2]. Identification of infective agent is The fungi inflicting the malady occur in 2 states or stages. These are the sexless stage, which is named anamorph or imperfect stage, and therefore the sexual stage. which is named teleomorph or the proper stage. The malady is common in soils that are poorly drained or low in plant nutrients. The infective agent will survive on infected rice straw, stubbles, weeds, and seeds, and cause brown spots on the next crop. The spores are air-borne, permitting the infective agent to unfold quickly. These spores survive on infected seeds. Unregulated seed exchange, poor seed quality, and poor hygiene will facilitate the unfold of the malady Use healthy seeds to improve soil fertility, particularly silica-based chemicals. Use of resistant varieties wherever offered. There are many factors influencing the malady cycle and epidemics of brown spot rice malady [3].downfalls and drought ,Temperature and wetness.To control brown spot Use fungicides To treat Leaf Spot illness, do that home-cured remedy of golf shot a tablespoon or two of hydrogen carbonate and a teaspoon or two of oil during a spray bottle of water. Shake the answer well so spray all area units of the plant that are infected with brown spots. Remove Infected Leaves Once you notice your tree has spots, it is vital to halt the unfold of infection. For this reason, you will ought to diligently discover and get rid of leaves as they fall and prune away the affected space. Where this is often not a cure, these steps may facilitate look after healthy leaves.

References

1. Suffert N, Frédéric H, Latxague, Émilie, Sache K, et al. (2009) Plant pathogens as agroterrorist weapons: assessment of the threat for European agriculture and forestry. 1 : 221–232.
2. Moore, David (2007) Fungal Morphogenesis. p. 186.
3. Barnwal MK, Kotasthane AH, Magculia NB, Mukherjee PK, Savary SJ, et al. (2013) A review on crop losses, epidemiology and disease management of rice brown spot to identify research priorities and knowledge gaps”. European Journal of Plant Pathology. 3: 443–457.