Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology
Open Access

The Architecture of India is stock-still in its history, culture and faith. Among variety of subject field designs and traditions, the different Hindu temple design and Indo-Islamic design area unit the most effective proverbial historical designs. each of those, however particularly the previous, have variety of regional designs at intervals them. AN early example of city planning was the Harappan design of the Indus natural depression Civilisation. folks lived in cities with baked brick homes, streets in a very grid layout, elaborate drain systems, water system systems, granaries, citadels, and clusters of enormous non-residential buildings. abundant alternative early Indian design was in wood, that has not survived.

Hindu temple architecture is mainly divided into Dravidian and Nagara styles. Dravidian architecture flourished during the rule of the Rashtrakuta, Hoysala, Chola, Chera, and Pandyan empires, as well as the Vijayanagara Empire.

The first major Islamic kingdom in India was the Delhi Sultanate, which led to the development of Indo-Islamic architecture, combining Indian and Islamic features. The rule of the Mughal Empire, when Mughal architecture evolved, is regarded as the zenith of Indo-Islamic architecture, with the Taj Mahal being the high point of their contribution. Indo-Islamic architecture influenced the Rajput and Sikh styles as well.

During British colonial amount, European designs together with classical, gothic revival, and baroque became rife across India. The integration of Indo-Islamic and European designs junction rectifier to a brand new vogue, called the Indo-Saracenic vogue. when independence, modernist ideas unfold among Indian architects as the simplest way of progressing from the colonial culture. Le Corbusier, WHO designed town of Chandigarh influenced a generation of architects towards modernism within the twentieth century.

The economic reforms of 1991 further bolstered the urban architecture of India as the country became more integrated with the world's economy. Traditional Vastu Shastra remains influential in India's architecture during the contemporary era. The Indus Valley Civilization covered a large area around the Indus River basin and beyond in late Bronze Age India. In its mature phase, from about 2600 to 1900 BCE, it produced several cities marked by great uniformity within and between sites, including Harappa, Lothal, and the UNESCO World Heritage Site Mohenjo-daro.

The civic and town planning and engineering aspects of these are remarkable, but the design of the buildings is of a startling utilitarian character. There are granaries, drains, water-courses and tanks, but neither palaces nor temples have been identified, though cities have a central raised and fortified citadel. Mohenjo-daro has wells which may be the predecessors of the stepwell. As many as 700 wells have been discovered in just one section of the city, leading scholars to believe that 'cylindrical brick lined wells' were invented by the Indus Valley Civilization.