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Veterinary medicine is the department of medicine that deals with animal disease, disorder, and injury prevention, control, diagnosis, and treatment. It also covers animal husbandry, breeding, nutrition research, and product development. Veterinary medicine covers a large range of animal species, both domesticated and wild, as well as a wide range of diseases that can affect them. Veterinary medicine is frequently practiced, both under professional supervision and without it. Professional care is usually provided by a veterinarian, however it can also be provided by paraveterinary workers like veterinary nurses or technicians.

A veterinarian (vet), often known as a veterinary surgeon or veterinary physician, is a medical professional who treats diseases, problems, and injuries in non-human animals in veterinary medicine while a paraveterinary worker is a veterinary science expert who, as part of a veterinary aid system, performs procedures autonomously or semi-autonomously. Veterinary nurse, veterinary technician, and veterinary assistant, as well as versions with the prefix 'animal health,' are widespread job titles around the world.

Veterinary science contributes to human health through monitoring and controlling zoonotic disease, it is an infectious disease caused by a pathogen, or infectious agent that has transferred from an animal to a human, such as a bacteria, virus, parasite, or prion. Human health is aided by veterinary science, both directly and indirectly through food safety and basic medical research applications. They also help with food security by monitoring and treating livestock, as well as mental health by ensuring that pets are healthy and long-lived. Depending on the type of research they conduct, veterinary scientists frequently collaborate with epidemiologists and other health and natural scientists. Normally, veterinarians are mandated by law to care for the wellbeing of animals. In order to keep animals safe and healthy, veterinarians diagnose, treat, and care for them.

Veterinary medicine encompasses a variety of vocations that aren't often done by veterinarians or veterinary nurses. This comprises practitioners who deal with musculoskeletal diseases, such as osteopaths, chiropractors, and physiotherapists, as well as those who work in human medicine. Animal grooming and animal massage are examples of roles that are unique to animals yet have similarities in human civilization. Farriers, who are involved in the shoeing of horses and, in many situations, have a vital role to play in ensuring the medical fitness of horses, are one example of a profession that is specialized to a species or group of animals.

Animal infection prevention, control, diagnosis, and treatment, as well as basic biology, animal welfare, and care, are all part of veterinary research. Veterinary research spans species and encompasses the study of naturally occurring and deliberately created models of human and animal diseases, as well as research on humananimal interfaces such as food safety, wildlife and public policy. Randomized controlled trials are essential in veterinary medicine, just as they are in medicine, for determining the efficacy of a treatment. Clinical veterinary research, on the other hand, lags substantially behind human medical research, with fewer randomized controlled trials, worse quality trials, and an emphasis on research animals. The establishment of networks for the inclusion of private veterinary offices in randomized controlled trials is one possible improvement.