Immunology: Current Research
Open Access

Immunology is the study of the immune system and is the most important branch of medical science and biology. The immune system protects us from infections through a variety of defenses. When the immune system is not working properly, it can lead to diseases, such as autoimmunity, allergies and cancer. It is now clear that immune responses contribute to the development of many common diseases that can be viewed as immunologic, including metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's.

The vulnerable system is a complex system of structures and processes that have evolved to cover us from complaint. Cells from cells and cells form the body's vulnerable system. The function of these factors is divided into circular mechanisms, those that are born from an organism, and the responses that respond to certain microbes. Basic or archeological immunology involves the study of the genes that make up the ingrain and mutant vulnerable system.

Immunological research continues to expand horizons in our understanding of how to treat important health problems, through ongoing research efforts on immunotherapy, autoimmune diseases, and vaccines for emerging viruses, such as Ebola. Improving our understanding of immune immunology is critical to clinical and commercial use and facilitates the availability of new diagnoses and treatments to control many diseases. In addition to the above, in line with advancing technology, immunological research has provided some of the most important research techniques and tools, such as flow cytometry and antibody technology.

The immune system has the ability to recognize and recognize itself. The antigen is an organ that triggers the immune response. Cells involved in detecting antigen by Lymphocyte. Once they do, they release antibodies. Protein antibodies reduce disease-causing microorganisms. Antibodies do not directly kill germs, but instead, they identify antigens as targets for destruction by other body cells such as phagocytes or NK cells. Immune system refers to a group of cells and proteins that work to protect the skin, the respiratory tract, the gastrointestinal tract, and other areas from foreign antigens, such as microbes (organisms such as viruses, fungi, parasites), viruses, cancer cells, and toxins. The immune system can easily be viewed as two “lines of defense”: congenital immunity and flexible defenses. Congenital antibodies represent the first line of defense against the invading pathogen. It is an antigen-independent (unspecified) immune system used by the host immediately or within hours of contact with the antigen.

Mutable immunity occurs when the natural immune system does not work to eradicate infectious agents and infection is established. The main functions of the adaptive immune response are to detect certain "non-personal" antigens in the presence of "self" antigens; production of pathogen-specific immunologic effector pathways that eliminate certain viruses or cells infected with the pathogen; and the development of immunologic memory that can quickly eliminate a particular pathogen in the event of subsequent infections. Adaptive immune system cells include: T cells, activated by antigen presenting cells (APCs), and B cells.

The authors are grateful to the journal editor and the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions.

The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest for the research.