Environment Pollution and Climate Change
Open Access

Waste disposal includes the activities and actions required to manage waste from its inception to its final disposal. This includes the gathering, transport, treatment and disposal of waste, along with monitoring and regulation of the waste management process and waste-related laws, technologies, economic mechanisms. Waste are often solid, liquid, or gaseous and every type has different methods of disposal and management. Waste management deals with every kind of waste, including industrial, biological and household [1].

Health issues are associated throughout the whole process of waste management. Health issues may arise indirectly or directly. Waste is produced by human action, as an example, the extraction and processing of raw materials. Waste management is meant to cut back adverse effects of waste on human health, the environment, planetary resources and aesthetics. In most developed countries, domestic waste disposal is funded from a national or local tax which can be associated with income, or property values. Commercial and industrial waste disposal is often charged for as an ad service, often as an integrated charge which has disposal costs. This practice may encourage disposal contractors to choose the most cost effective disposal option like landfill instead of the environmentally best solution like re-use and recycling [2].

Electronic waste, or e-waste, is equipment that has ceased to be useful to users or that not satisfies its original purpose as a results of either redundancy, replacement, or breakage. Electronic waste includes both white goods” like refrigerators, washing machines, and microwave ovens and “brown goods” like televisions, radios, computers, and cellular telephones. E-waste differs from traditional municipal waste. Although e-waste contains complex combinations of highly toxic substances (such as lead and cadmium in computers and cellular telephones) that pose a danger to health and therefore the environment, which should be treated as hazardous materials with relation to their disposal, it also contains non-recyclable parts that enter the municipal solid waste stream. The quantity of waste that entered the underlying soil isn't known .

About 10% of the 5000 buried drums that were subsequently excavated had leaked all or a part of their contents. Although the quantity of waste entering the soil was relatively small, it polluted nearby wells." Solid waste processing and disposal practices are grossly inadequate for today's needs". "Of the approximately 100 in-ground solid-waste disposal sites currently operative within the Texas Coastal Zone, only 20 percent are geologically and hydrologically secure sites. Clearly, geologic and hydrologic criteria haven't been employed in the choice of most existing sites. Although toxic wastes represent a little fraction of the full solid wastes generated and disposed of, the consequences of disregarding the potential for their migration has resulted in some environment and health effect. Utilization of existing science and engineering principles in siting and operating solid waste disposal facilities could make significant improvement in containing potentially waste matter materials [3].