Journal of Plant Genetics and Breeding
Open Access

Horticulture

Horticulture is the science and art of growing plants (fruits, vegetables, flowers, and any other cultivar). It also includes plant conservation, landscape restoration, soil management, landscape and garden design, construction, and maintenance, and arboriculture. In contrast to agriculture, horticulture does not include large-scale crop production or animal husbandry. The word horticulture is modeled after agriculture, and comes from the Greek χÏŒρτος, which in Latin became hortus "garden" and cultÅ«ra "cultivation", from cultus.

Palaeobotany

Palaeobotany is the branch of paleontology or paleobiology dealing with the recovery and identification of plant remains from geological contexts, and their use for the biological reconstruction of past environments (paleogeography), and both the evolutionary history of plants, with a bearing upon the evolution of life in general. A synonym is paleophytology. Paleobotany includes the study of terrestrial plant fossils, as well as the study of prehistoric marine photoautotrophs, such as photosynthetic algae, seaweeds or kelp. A closely related field is palynology, which is the study of fossilized and extant spores and pollen.

Palynology

Palynology is the "study of dust" or "particles that are strewn". Classic palynologist analyses particulate samples collected from the air, from water, or from deposits including sediments of any age. The condition and identification of those particles, organic and inorganic, give the palynologist clues to the life, environment, and energetic conditions that produced them

Plant Ecology

Plant ecology is a sub-discipline of ecology focused on the distribution and abundance of plants, and their interactions with the biotic and abiotic environment. One of the most important aspects of plant ecology is the role plants have played in creating the oxygenated atmosphere of earth, an event that occurred some 2 billion years ago. It can be dated by the deposition of banded iron formations, distinctive sedimentary rocks with large amounts of iron oxide.

Plant proteomics

Plant Proteomics is the large-scale study of plant proteins. Proteins are vital parts of living organisms, with many functions. The term proteomics was coined in 1997 in analogy with genomics, the study of the genome. The word proteome is a portmanteau of protein and genome, and was coined by Marc Wilkins in 1994. The proteome is the entire set of proteins that are produced or modified by an organism or system. This varies with time and distinct requirements, or stresses, that a cell or organism undergoes.

Plant systematics

Plant systematics is a science that includes and encompasses traditional taxonomy; however, its primary goal is to reconstruct the evolutionary history of plant life. It divides plants into taxonomic groups, using morphological, anatomical, embryological, chromosomal and chemical data.

Weed Science

Weed Science is the study of vegetation management in agriculture, aquatics, horticulture, right-of-way, essentially anywhere plants need to be managed. It involves the study of all the tools available for this purpose such as cropping systems, herbicides, and management techniques and seed genetics. However, it is not just the controlling of plants, but the study of these plants. This includes plant ecology, physiology, and the genetics of plants species that have been identified to have impact on the economy and our ecology.

Plant Embryology

Plant embryogenesis is a process that occurs after the fertilization of an ovule to produce a fully developed plant embryo. This is a pertinent stage in the plant life cycle that is followed by dormancy and germination. The zygote produced after fertilization, must undergo various cellular divisions and differentiations to become a mature embryo. An end stage embryo has five major components including the shoot apical meristem, hypocotyl, root meristem, root cap, and cotyledons. Unlike animal embryogenesis, plant embryogenesis results in an immature form of the plant, lacking most structures like leaves, stems, and reproductive structures.

Micropropagation

Micropropagation is the practice of rapidly multiplying stock plant material to produce a large number of progeny plants, using modern plant tissue culture methods. Micropropagation is used to multiply plants such as those that have been genetically modified or bred through conventional plant breeding methods. It is also used to provide a sufficient number of plantlets for planting from a stock plant which does not produce seeds, or does not respond well to vegetative reproduction.

 

The Journal of Plant Genetics and Breeding is an open access Journal that features scientific works of significant importance in the field. The journal aims to provide its readers with cutting-edge knowledge on the use of molecular and genomic techniques for improving gain from selection.

The scope of the journal includes: plant genetics, plant genomics, plant breeding, plant pathology and disease epidemiology, crop loss assessment, molecular plant breeding, plant biotechnology, plant molecular biology, cytology, functional genomics in crops, metabolic profiling, plant physiology and development, and field evaluation of transgenic crops.

The journal places special emphasis on studies dealing with integration of modern and traditional plant breeding techniques. The Journal of Plant Genetics and Breeding is helmed by an editorial board comprised of acclaimed scientists from all over the world. Every article is subject to a rigorous peer review. The journal maintains the highest standards in terms of quality and originality. In addition to Research Articles, the Journal also publishes high quality Perspectives, Commentaries, and Reviews to pique the readers’ interest.

The team at the Journal of Plant Genetics and Breeding provides the authors with a rapid and extremely streamlined editorial process. The Journal provides an encouraging platform for the scholars and researchers to share their significant contributions in this field. Submit manuscript at https://www.scholarscentral.org/submission/plant-genetics-breeding.html

QTL cloning

A quantitative trait locus (QTL) is a section of DNA (the locus) which correlates with variation in a phenotype (the quantitative trait). QTLs are mapped by identifying which molecular markers (such as SNPs or AFLPs) correlate with an observed trait. This is often an early step in identifying and sequencing the actual genes that cause the trait variation. QTL) is a region of DNA which is associated with a particular phenotypic trait, which varies in degree and which can be attributed to polygenic effects.

Breeding methodologies

Plant breeding is defined as identifying and selecting desirable traits in plants and combining these into one individual plant. Since 1900, Mendel's laws of genetics provided the scientific basis for plant breeding. As all traits of a plant are controlled by genes located on chromosomes, conventional plant breeding can be considered as the manipulation of the combination of chromosomes. In general, there are three main procedures to manipulate plant chromosome combination. First, plants of a given population which show desired traits can be selected and used for further breeding and cultivation, a process called (pure line-) selection. Second, desired traits found in different plant lines can be combined together to obtain plants which exhibit both traits simultaneously, a method termed hybridization. Heterosis, a phenomenon of increased vigor, is obtained by hybridization of inbred lines. Third, polyploidy (increased number of chromosome sets) can contribute to crop improvement

Plant Development

Plants produce new tissues and structures throughout their life from meristems located at the tips of organs, or between mature tissues. Thus, a living plant always has embryonic tissues. By contrast, an animal embryo will very early produce all of the body parts that it will ever have in its life. When the animal is born (or hatches from its egg), it has all its body parts and from that point will only grow larger and more mature

Phytopathology

Phytopathology is the scientific study of diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, viroids, virus-like organisms, phytoplasmas, protozoa, nematodes and parasitic plants. Not included are ectoparasites like insects, mites, vertebrate, or other pests that affect plant health by consumption of plant tissues. Plant pathology also involves the study of pathogen identification, disease etiology, disease cycles, economic impact, plant disease epidemiology, plant disease resistance, how plant diseases affect humans and animals, pathosystem genetics, and management of plant diseases.

Plant physiology

Plant physiology is a subdiscipline of botany concerned with the functioning, or physiology, of plants. Closely related fields include plant morphology (structure of plants), plant ecology (interactions with the environment), photochemistry (biochemistry of plants), cell biology, genetics, biophysics and molecular biology. Fundamental processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, plant nutrition, plant hormone functions, tropisms, nastic movements, photoperiodic, photo morphogenesis, circadian rhythms, environmental stress physiology, seed germination, dormancy and stomata function and transpiration, both parts of plant water relations, are studied by plant physiologists.

Molecular Plant Breeding

In molecular or marker-assisted breeding (MB), DNA markers are used as a substitute for phenotypic selection and to accelerate the release of improved cultivars. Molecular breeding is the application of molecular biology tools, often in plant breeding and animal breeding.

Plant Biotechnology

Plant biotechnologies that assist in developing new varieties and traits include genetics and genomics, marker-assisted selection (MAS), and transgenic (genetic engineered) crops. These biotechnologies allow researchers to detect and map genes, discover their functions, select for specific genes in genetic resources and breeding, and transfer genes for specific traits into plants where they are needed.

Plant genetics

Plant genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity specifically in Plants. It is generally considered a field of biology and botany, but intersects frequently with many other life sciences and is strongly linked with the study of information systems.