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Volume 5, Issue 6(Suppl)

J Infect Dis Ther, an open access journal

ISSN: 2332-0877

Euro Infectious Diseases 2017

September 07-09, 2017

September 07-09, 2017 | Paris, France

Infectious Diseases

Euro-Global Conference on

J Infect Dis Ther 2017, 5:6(Suppl)

DOI: 10.4172/2332-0877-C1-033

HCV between developed and underdeveloped countries Incidence and preparedness for treatment of

diarrhoea in epidermic prone flood areas of Chiga Kisumu County.

Refat sadeq

Port said University, Egypt

epatitis C is an infectious disease affecting primarily the liver, caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV).[1] HCV infection

is a major problem in Egypt. Egypt has the highest prevalence of the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the world, with 14

percent of the population infected and 11.8 million patients, according to the World Health Organisation. Every year there

are 170,000-200,000 new HVC cases in Egypt. It was discovered in 1989. The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a small, enveloped,

single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus.[7] It is a member of the Hepacivirus genus in the family Flaviviridae.[2]There are

seven major genotypes of HCV, which are known as genotypes one to seven.[43] It is transmitted by injection which means

spread primarily by blood-to-blood contact associated with intravenous drug use, poorly sterilized medical equipment, and

transfusions. Because Egypt is also endemic with Schistosomiasis , it was thought that treatment with tartar emetic was the

principal cause of wide spread infection with HCV as sharing of syringes was done in a wide scale. Since start of HCV discovery

there are terror of it not only for its effect on the liver as it causes chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis will go on to develop liver

failure, liver cancer but because of its effect on refusal of immigration between countries of Middle East with huge ecomonic

burden resulted from

HCV cases tried any treatment prescribed by doctors or others to get rid off it without any

scientific basis, like probiotic , milk and urine of camels, black pills, milk thistle, ginseng, and colloidal silver.[3] Also Ozone

was tried. But all proved to be ineffective.Alpha-interferon given every other day proved also to be ineffective because the

preparation of alpha interferon was against HCV genotype I while that found in Egypt is genotype IV. So it is supplemented

by ribavirin as an antiviral working against mRNA, but percentage of cure was limited and a high rate of recurrence occurred.

Then treatment consists of a combination of pegylated interferon alpha and the antiviral drug ribavirin for a period of 24

or 48 weeks,appear to be effective with more than 70% cure but still there are a rate of recurrence[4] .Recently a new drug

appeared and thought to have high rate of cure. The new Hepatitis C drug called Sofosbuvir. Sofosbuvir – commercial name

Sovaldi – was approved in the United States in December 2013 and entered Egypt on 16 October 2014. Government took the

chance to offer it to HCV cases because of thought of its magic role in elimination of HCV. But discovered it must be taken in

combination either as dual treatment (Sovaldi + Ribavirin) or triple treatment (Sovaldi + alpha interferon + Ribavirin). So still

the major problem which is high cost of treatment. Government tried to produce locally but failed to reduce the cost. Because

the new drug still recent the fear of recurrence make it hard to judge the effectiveness of the new drug.