Figure 1: Putative pathophysiological factors in mono- and multigenic autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Monogenic autoinflammatory syndromes and autoimmune diseases (AID) are caused by mutations in single genes. Multigenic disorders are associated with variations in multiple genes, many of which are still unknown. Both groups may be influenced by additional factors which result in varying disease progression and outcomes. Disease modifiers may be variation in further genes (such as cytokine genes, acute phase proteins, etc.) but also environmental factors (such as toxins, medication, infections, etc.) which result in modified epigenetic patterns. Conversely, underlying diseases can also have an influence on epigenetic marks (by changes in diet, medication, new environments, etc.).