Figure 1: Melamine combined with its derivative product cyanuric acid to form melamine-cyanuric acid insoluble crystal complex that can cause renal failure (kidney stones, hematuria, high blood pressure etc.). This figure also depicts the gut microbiota mediation of enzymatic conversion of melamine to cyanuric acid. TriA stands for melamine deaminase, TrzA for S-trizine hydrolase, GD for Guanine deaminase, AtzC for n-isopropylammelide aminohydrolase and TrzC for Ammelide hydrolase.