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Low frequency noise (LFN) is an environmental problem particularly to sensitive people. Stomach is one of the main targets of noise stress. Our aim was to detect histological and immunohistochemical changes that may occur in fundic mucosa of adult wistar male albino rats exposed to LFN and the role of vitamin E administration. F.. Read More
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The classification of primary brain tumors poses many challenges. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary adult primary brain tumor, representing more than 50% of all cases. They are composed of cells of astrocytic origin and are characterized by infiltration into the brain parenchyma, making surgical cure impos.. Read More
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Background: Aflatoxins are secondary metabolites of the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Chronic aflatoxin exposure is associated with damage to many body organs including the kidneys. Aim of the work: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aflatoxin B1 on the renal convoluted tubules of adul.. Read More
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The prevalence of metastasis to the spleen is low in cancer patients. Splenic metastasis usually occurs only at the terminal stages of disease progression and is associated with multiple metastases in other sites. Only 19 cases of isolated splenic metastasis in patients with primary lung cancer have been reported in the literatu.. Read More
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Current Concepts of the Mechanisms in Age-Related Hearing Loss
Age-related hearing loss (AHL), also known as presbycusis, is one of the most prevalent chronic degenerative conditions; it progresses with age and affects tens of millions of the elderly worldwide. It is characterized by a decline in auditory function, which is reflected by higher hearing thresholds and poor frequency resolutio.. Read More
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Pathology of Fatal Multi-Organ Impairment in a Rottweiler Dog
The aim of this study is to define the main etiological factor(s) which have contributed to the death of a 7 years old Rottweiler male dog. The dog was thought to suffer from cardiac problems and died shortly after admission. External examination revealed pale mucous membranes and subcutaneous edema in the neck and abdominal reg.. Read More
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Background: The mutations detected in the promoter of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene,namely C228T and C250T, were first identified in melanoma and subsequently in several cancer models, notably glioma, thyroid cancer and bladder cancer. Recent findings demonstrate that mutation of the TERT promoter may be one o.. Read More
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COPD are associated with an increased load on the diaphragm leading to accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the subsequent cellular damages and death. The pathological alterations inducted by ROS in the diaphragm during oxygen breathing are not known. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of hy.. Read More
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Background: Among the different existing serum tumor markers (TM), none fulfills criteria for a clinical practice in screening, diagnosis, prognosis, targeted therapy and follow-up, due to a weak sensitivity and specificity. Guidelines from different national and international expert groups in cancer have been edited relating to.. Read More
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Cartilaginous Choristoma of Tonsil
Choristoma is a condition, which consists of mass of histologically normal tissue in an abnormal location. Here, we report 30 year old male presenting with chronic tonsillitis. Histological examination revealed an island of mature cartilage surrounded by lymphoid follicles... Read More
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Female New-Born with Undifferentiated Sarcoma Defined by Bcor-Ccnb3 Fusion Transcript
A female new-born presented with a sacrococcygeal mass with spinal cord compression. A preliminary histologic diagnosis determined a small round blue cell tumor and immunohistochemical results discarded neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, rhabdoid tumor, Ewing or peripheral neuroectodermal tumor (PNET). The results obtained by SNPa.. Read More
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Whooping cough caused by Bordetella pertussis is a serious disease especially for infants and young children. Detoxified pertussis toxin is a key component of vaccines used in campaigns worldwide for the prevention of the disease. A biochemical assay system, which measures pertussis toxin enzymatic and carbohydrate binding activ.. Read More
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Are Micrornas the Answer to Colorectal Cancer’s Big Questions?
The question, “What determines whether a polyp will become cancerous?” was recently declared one of the five central puzzles critical to advancing colon cancer treatment [1]. The benign to cancerous transition is a critical intervention stage as tumors diagnosed in subsequent non-localized and malignant stages are ex.. Read More
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Lymphatic Vessels in the Human Endometrium: Are they Present or Absent?
The presence and structure-function relationship of lymphatic vessels in the human endometrium are still sketchy and unsettled: some authors claimed that there were no lymphatic vessels [1,2] but more reports agreed that lymphatic vessels are present in the human endometrium, especially in the basalis but may not be in the funct.. Read More
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A Brief Review of Mast Cells in Microbial Infection (Inflammation) and Tumor-Associated Angiogenesis
Mast cells are among cells of the immune system and participate in various physiological and protective immune functions in the body. Association of mast cells with allergic reactions and parasitic infections is well- documented. Various studies indicate that mast cells also play an important role in non-allergic phenomenon. Mas.. Read More
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Use of Intraoperative Frozen Section during Mediastinoscopy
Introduction: Staging of mediastinal lymph nodes (MLN) by mediastinoscopy can be of critical importance in assessing candidacy for lung resection. Mediastinoscopy is often performed as a sole procedure, with permanent pathology results guiding subsequent intervention. Our practice has been to perform mediastinoscopy followed by .. Read More
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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps - The Invisible Inflammatory Mediator in Fibrosis
Fibrosis is a dynamic process of abnormal connective tissue formation as a result of excessive wound healing and extracellular matrix deposition. It can occur in almost all tissues and it is a major contributor to clinical diseases, leading to organ failure and accounting for approximately one third of deaths worldwide [1,2]. It.. Read More
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An Overview of Dens Invaginatus with Report of 2 Cases
Dens invaginatus occurs as a result of invagination of the enamel organ. These cases may present difficulties with respect to its diagnosis and treatment because of canal morphology. It frequently leads to caries, pulpal, and periodontal involvement with necrosis and loss of attachment. The knowledge of classification and anatom.. Read More
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There are numerous potential causes for hyponatraemia including hypovolaemia; oedema; syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion; and acute episodes of Addison’s disease (hypopituitarism and adrenal insufficiency) [1]. Hyponatraemia can have serious consequences for patients and there are many ways to investigate the cause. H.. Read More
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Transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder are very rare in paediatrics. In children clearly outweights low grade transitional cell carcinomas, however individual cases of high grade tumors were also described... Read More
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