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Simple and Fast Determination of Ammonia in Tobacco
The presence of ammonia in tobacco is an important factor for the absorption of nicotine, and for product taste. The determination of ammonia in tobacco is usually performed by ion chromatography with conductivity detection devices. Here a new method is presented to measure the concentration of ammonia in tobacco based on an au.. Read More
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Sodium azumolene is a drug designed to fight Malignant Hyperthermia (MH), which is characterized by genetic predisposition and triggered by the use of inhalational anesthetics. This drug is shown as a water-soluble analogue of dantrolene sodium, 30-folds more water soluble, which gives advantages for its emergency use. To our kn.. Read More
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An effective and comprehensive method for the simultaneous quantification of 4 NIDDM drugs (metformin, glimepride, glibenclamide and pioglitazone) was achieved on a Purospher Start C18 (5 μm, 25×0.46 cm) and Supelco C18 column in 2, 3, 7, 9 min respectively. The optimized method involves a C18 column thermostated at 30&.. Read More
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Cardiovascular Drug Medication Adherence Assessed by Dried Blood Spot Analysis
The use of dried blood spot (DBS) collection cards was investigated for the detection of therapeutic drugs used in cardiovascular therapy for assessing medication adherence. A liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) method was developed for the determination of, bisoprolol, ramipril, and simvastatin. Wh.. Read More
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A Beamline for Time-Resolved Extreme Ultraviolet and Soft X-Ray Spectroscopy
High harmonic generation is a convenient way to obtain extreme ultraviolet light from table-top laser systems and the experimental tools to exploit this simple and powerful light source for time-resolved spectroscopy are being developed by several groups. For these applications, brightness and stability of the high harmonic gene.. Read More
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The zeolite material ZSM-5 was combined with Tenax TA, a porous polymer adsorbent, to form a thin film microextraction (TFME) device that was used as a novel alternative tool for headspace (HS) volatile organic compound (VOC) extraction and preconcentration. The ZSM-5/Tenax TA film deposited on a cylindrical aluminium rod (AR) s.. Read More
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Determination of Nitrate and Nitrite Content of Dietary Supplements Using Ion Chromatography
Following the discovery of nitrite and nitrate as pro-drugs of the vasorelaxant nitric oxide, many studies have reported enhanced athletic performance following intake of these ions either intravenously or as a food supplement. The primary aim of this study was to develop a new accurate, reliable and robust ion chromatography ba.. Read More
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Designing a Simple Electronic Tongue for Fermentation Monitoring
A method for monitoring a biotechnological fermentation using cyclic voltammetry in combination with chemometrics, commonly termed electronic tongue, is proposed. A simple palladized palladium electrode showed excellent sensitivity to glucose concentrations ranging from 0 to 9 g/L in a yeast fermentation medium (pH 5.3, 0.07 M c.. Read More
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Molecular recognition processes are predicted to become the basis of all advanced separation techniques. In solution and recently also in suspension ligand-receptor interactions can be studied using methods of high-resolution (HR) suspended-state NMR spectroscopy, for example by employing the saturation transfer difference (STD).. Read More
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Advanced LC-MS/MS Techniques Dissecting Diverse Isomers of Plant Sphingolipid Species
Sphingolipid is a major lipid class ubiquitously present in eukaryotes and several species of prokaryotes. Recent genetic and sphingolipidomic researches have been revealing complex structures of plant sphingolipids and their functions in various aspects of plant biological events as major membrane components as well as signalin.. Read More
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Testosterone and epitestosterone are mainly excreted as glucuronides. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a method using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to analyse testosterone and epitestosterone in rat serum and urine to assist in vivo studies on steroid metabolism. The method was develo.. Read More
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Medroxyprogesterone (MPA) is widely used as a contraceptive or for hormone replacement therapy after menopause. The use of MPA, specifically in adolescent girls, is linked to excess weight gain and decreases in bone mineral density. Metabolism and clearance of MPA is highly variable making this agent a candidate for individualiz.. Read More
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Glargine is a long lasting bioengineered insulin analogue commonly used in the medical treatment of insulindependent diabetes mellitus. After subcutaneous injection, glargine undergoes enzymatic process generating two metabolites, M1 and M2. Quantitative evidences of their presence and concentration after doping multiple concent.. Read More
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The aim of this study was to create universal chimeric conjugates able to react with both avian and mammalian immunoglobulins to be used as a reagent in Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISAs). The periodate method was used in the conjugation process of linking horseradish peroxidase to immunoglobulin-binding bacterial prote.. Read More
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Adsorption of Acid Dyes onto Bentonite and Surfactant-modified Bentonite
Adsorption of Congo red (CR) from water via batch adsorption experiments onto bentonite and CTAB-modified bentonite (CTAB-MBn) was investigated. Studies concerning the factors influencing the adsorption capacities of bentonite and CTAB-MBn, such as initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH, ionic strength, contact time and.. Read More
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Increased Oxidative Damage in RNA in Alzheimer’s Disease Progression
Studies of oxidative damage during the progression of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) suggest a central role in disease pathogenesis. To determine if RNA oxidation increases in the progression of AD levels of oxidized bases from RNA from the superior and middle temporal gyri (SMTG), inferior parietal lobule (IPL), and cerebellum .. Read More
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Novel Atmospheric Biomolecule Ionization Technologies
In general, atmospheric ionization is defined as an ionization process outside of the mass spectrometer vacuum chamber. During the past two decades, several novel atmospheric ionization methods were developed. Nevertheless, they can be divided into two major categories. One is direct analysis at real time (DART) and the other is.. Read More
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The Role of Photodynamic Therapy in Non-malignant and Malignant Eye Disorders
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has represented an important treatment modality in many ocular disorders for more than a decade. The introduction of verteporfin-PDT to the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy has rescued millions of patients from vision loss and blindness aro.. Read More
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Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) is one of the most widely used and extremely important tools for trace element analysis today. The technique however still suffers from matrix effects, especially those due to easily ionizable elements (EIEs). Current theory of atomic spectrometry assumes Local Th.. Read More
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Spermiation is the final step of spermatogenesis and involves release of mature spermatids from the Sertoli cells. It is a complex process involving displacement and removal of spermatid cytoplasm, formation and degradation of tubulobulbar complexes and progressive loss of adhesive junctions, including ectoplasmic specialization.. Read More
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