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| Figure 4: Production of TSLP and cumulative effects in the development of asthma, leading to goblet cell responses and epithelium damage. Epithelial cells interacting with environmental factors (e.g. pathogens and allergens) will lead to the production of TSLP, which trigger the development of asthma under the influence of susceptible gene. In these processes components of niche (microenvironments) may contribute to the development of asthma together with Th2 cells and other inflammatory cells, which produce several kinds of mediators. These mediators recruit or activate various types of inflammatory cells, leading to goblet cell responses. In turn, these inflammatory cells release various reactive oxygen spiesies (ROS), such as superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide. As a result, these mediators induce goblet cell responses and damage surrounding epithelial cells in the airway mucosa. |
